The Changing Concept of Family in The Grapes of Wrath by...

The Changing Concept of Family in The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck Throughout the book, The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, the physical transition of the Joad family from a small close-knit group of people living a quiet life on a farm in Oklahoma, corresponds with the internal transition of the concept of family. As the Joads leave their farm and journey westward, they no longer live just within their own isolated unit. Becoming involved with other families as they migrate, changes their focus and by the end of the book, the family members each reach out in their own way to embrace all of mankind as a family. Initially, the Joads focus is on their own immediate family and their struggle to stay together. The†¦show more content†¦The relationship was plain.(Pg.162) The changing concept of family is most evident at the camps, especially at the government camp. The entire camp was like a family because they set their own rules and ran the camp as they saw fit. Those having a hard time were helped as a matter of course not charity. W hen it appeared trouble was coming, they all worked together as a unit to defend the camp. As the book progresses, the changes within the family are characterized differently in each character. Mrs. Joads primary concern is keeping the family unit together as they begin their journey. Soon, however, members of the family begin to leave. Noah cannot handle the changes and goes off on his own while Grandpa and Grandma leave through death. Connie abandons his wife and does not return. Al becomes engaged and goes with his fiancà ©es family. Even Young Tom leaves after he has accidentally killed another man and has to go into hiding. Mrs. Joad deals with each of these losses and appears to be stronger as the story continues, even making the decision for Tom to leave as it becomes necessary. At the onset of the book, Young Tom has just been released from prison and is interested in making up for lost time and enjoying himself. He is a strong family support during the journey but is among the first to begin reaching out to a larger family. At the end he has focused on the plight and abuse of all the homeless farmers and recognizes that they mustShow MoreRelatedThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pages The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck, widely viewed as one of the most finest and powerful American writer, born to a middle-class family in 1902 in the Salinas Valley of California. Steinbeck is a writer who often spoke for the people. The Grapes of Wrath is a great movie, published in 1939, filled with many universal truths and views on human nature and society, especially where class is concerned. In the article, John Steinbeck The Grapes a wrath: A Call to Action says, â€Å"Steinbeck’s novel showcasedRead MoreThroughout history, human beings have been motivated by self-interest in order to overcome,1800 Words   |  8 Pagesof humans to help each other as a necessity. In The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck indirectly implies that both greed and generosity are self-perpetuating by advocating families to work as a cohesive unit, forcing structural changes in autonomous communities in order to sustain and survive the Depression. Out of the Dust, a short story by Karen Hesse, and â€Å"D o Re Mi,† a song by Woody Guthrie, echo the primary message in The Grapes of Wrath, supporting the crushing vision of the Dust Bowl migrationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Grapes Of Wrath 1193 Words   |  5 PagesTo quote Ma Joad in the film The Grapes of Wrath, â€Å"I ain t never gonna be scared no more. I was, though. For a while it looked as though we was beat. Good and beat. Looked like we didn t have nobody in the whole wide world but enemies. Like nobody was friendly no more. Made me feel kinda bad and scared too, like we was lost and nobody cared....Rich fellas come up and they die, and their kids ain’t no good and they die out. But we keep a comin’, we’re the people that live. They can’t wipe us out;Read MoreSteinbecks Nonteleological Perspective3036 Words   |  13 Pagesexistence cannot be foreseen and will not be limited by such things as destiny. These are the ideas and philosophies of those who believe life to be non-teleolog ical. A famous literary example of a non-teleologist is a man named John Steinbeck. Throughout his life Steinbeck experimented with Darwinism, transcendentalism, realism, socialism, naturalism, and Taoism (Endnotes 1). Each of these ways of thinking show up in Steinbecks philosophy and therefore his work cannot be classified specifically.Read More Steinbecks Nonteleological Perspective Essays2954 Words   |  12 Pagesexistence cannot be foreseen and will not be limited by such things as destiny. These are the ideas and philosophies of those who believe life to be non-teleological. A famous literary example of a non-teleologist is a man named John Steinbeck. Throughout his life Steinbeck experimented with Darwinism, transcendentalism, realism, socialism, naturalism, and Taoism (Endnotes 1). Each of these ways of thinking show up in Steinbeck’s philosophy and therefore his work cannot be classified specifically.Read More Censorship - A Clash of Wills and Morals Essay4147 Word s   |  17 Pagesthe very same reasons it is canonized. The great works of the literary canon are each striking texts that encapsulate a new voice, idea, point of view, or controversial subject matter; each of these works contains a new and exciting concept. If there were nothing striking about these works, they would never have been canonized. However, with these new ideas and points of view comes suspicion and fear. If one critic lauds a novel for giving a new perspective on a controversialRead MoreSherman Alexie s Childhood And Education1896 Words   |  8 Pagesdebate team, Future Farmers of America, and became captain of the basketball team (Lewis). He went on to attend college at Gonzaga University and Washington State University. In college, he began his studies by taking pre-medicine courses before changing his focus to creative writing. He graduated in 1993 with a B.A. in American Studies and was ready to start a productive career in writing (Lewis). Alexie’s career was productive and successful as demonstrated by his numerous awards in literatureRead MoreBlack Naturalism and Toni Morrison: the Journey Away from Self-Love in the Bluest Eye8144 Words   |  33 Pagesoppressive, and destructive than either Theodore Dreiser s Carrie or John Steinbeck s Tom Joad because Morrison s protagonists must battle against intraracism and interracism as well as poverty and sexism. In Fingering the Jagged Grain: Tradition and Form in Recent Black Fiction, Keith E. Byerman claims that historically African American writers have not adopted an existing European or American literary form without significantly changing it to correspond to the black experience: From Phillis Wheatley

Example of Reviews

Example of reviews is a significant kind of the academic papers that proves the high school and university students knowledge and skills gained during the course. It contains the summary of the specific book, article, movie, or research with the critical analysis that reflects the students familiarity with the described information. In addition, example of reviews proves the students ability to determine the main theories, points, arguments, and conceptions in the texts and develops the critical and evaluative thinking. Review of the article: â€Å"Globalization and Health at the United States–Mexico Border† Globalization is the innovative trade model that makes the significant influence on the political, economic, and social activity. In the article, Nuria Homedes and Antonio Ugalde observed the effects of globalization on the health care policy. Supporting their arguments by the regarded data collected from the North American Free Trade Agreement regulation documents, they explored the USA-Mexico mutual cooperation in the health care field trying to figure out the causes of the controversial health problems. The main cause of the health policymaking issue on the USA-Mexico border is the free international trade that appears in the goods, services, and capital flows rapid exchange between the explored states. The free economic activity attracts the business holders to the border who strives to succeed due to the beneficial features of globalization. According to the independent investigation obtained, more than 11 million people reside along the USA-Mexico border. The researchers consider that the population in this region will double in 2020 and, thus, provide the further development of the health related problems: the air and water pollution; motor accidents; the animal control impossibility; border communications limitation. Referring to this complex situation, Nuria Homedes and Antonio Ugalde state the infectious diseases rapid development. According to the specific statistics obtained by them, the rates of hepatitis A among the American border residents are 3-times higher compared to the states rates. The similar situation is detected in Mexico in which every second woman who visits the prenatal clinic is infected with hepatitis A. In 1994, the NAFTA signed an agreement that establishes the favorable conditions for the international trade on the one hand and promotes social, and political activity on the other along the USA-Mexico border. Unfortunately, this agreement does not contain a chapter related to the health care and protection. Thus, the residents of the explored region are forced to seek and purchase the pharmaceuticals by themselves crossing the border in the different directions. Due to the in-depth analysis of the public health policymakers activity and NAFTA regulations, the authors of the article concluded the lack of the efforts aimed at the borders residents excessive activity adjustment. Based on the provided arguments, Nuria Homedes and Antonio Ugalde proved the destructive effect of globalization on the health care policy. They also figured out and named the specific economic, political, and social barriers that prevent the American and Mexican health policymakers from the successful cooperation. The first action to solve the health care issues is to overcome the political and cultural interdependence. Moreover, it is important for the politicians to equal the health care policy with the economic cooperation on the border. â€Æ' References Bettcher, D. (2002). Globalisation and public health. Journal Of Epidemiology Community Health, 56(1), 8-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.56.1.8 Butler, C. (2002). Globalisation and health. BMJ, 324(7348), 1276-1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.324.7348.1276 Homedes, N. Ugalde, A. (2003). Globalization and Health at the United States–Mexico Border. Am J Public Health, 93(12), 2016-2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.93.12.2016 Labonte, R. (1998). Healthy Public Policy and the World Trade Organization: A Proposal for an International Health Presence in Future World Trade/Investment Talks. Health Promotion International, 13(3), 245-256. https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article/13/3/245/555411/Healthy-Public-Policy-and-the-World-Trade Vandenburgh, H. (2004). Book Review: Health Policy in a Globalising World edited by Kelley Lee, Kent Buse, and Suzanne Fustukian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Critical Sociology, 30(3), 827-831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08969205040300031104

Essay on Benny Goodman, King of Swing - 2395 Words

Benjamin David Goodman was born in Chicago on May 30, 1909, the ninth of twelve children born to David and Dora Goodman, who both emigrated from Russia but met in America. David Goodman eked out a minimal living for his family by working for a tailor in a sweatshop. To help alleviate the family’s poverty, the children were urged to work as soon as they were old enough. For entertainment, David would take his youngest children to Douglas Park on Sundays to hear free band concerts. It was here that he first heard of the Kehelah Jacob band. Lessons were given for one quarter at the Kehelah Jacob synagogue. David Goodman enrolled his three youngest sons with the hopes that one day, their music would lift them out of poverty. It was here†¦show more content†¦This led to his first professional gig in 1921 in a vaudeville show at Central Park Theater. In 1923, at the age of 14, Benny Goodman left school to play with local bands, including Bill Grimm’s riverboat orchestra with Bix Beiderbecke. There is an interesting anecdote about Benny’s first meeting with Bix. One day, Benny received an emergency call from Grimm, asking him to fill in for Grimm’s clarinetist, who was ill. Benny arrived early in the day at the dock where the boat on which he was to perform was moored. Benny stepped onto the bandstand and immediately heard a shout to â€Å"get off there, kid! Stop that fooling around!† (Benny Goodman, 1979) Benny turned to see a fellow about four or five years older, holding a trumpet and staring disdainfully at Benny. That fellow, Bix Beiderbecke, did not want to hear any explanations from this young kid in knickers. However, Bill Grimm arrived before any trouble could start and introduced the boys. The young men hit it off and much fun and great music stemmed from that first session together. At that same time, Benny and his high school friends had earned the nickname, â€Å"The Wild West Side Mob†, not for their behavior, but because of their free, ragged, style of jazz. While this style made them great jam session musicians, it made it difficult for them to find work. Hot jazz was not in demand. Nevertheless, Benny’s ability to play cool, sweet jazz on demand ensured that he found plenty ofShow MoreRelatedBenny Goodman s King Of Swing1363 Words   |  6 PagesBritany Reed Dr. Keast Music April 15, 2015 Benny Goodman Benny Goodman the â€Å"King of Swing†. A man who owned the American Jazz and an amazing swing musician, clarinetist, and bandleader. This naming him as the infamous â€Å"King of Swing†. Goodman led the most popular musical groups known in America. Goodman was recognized as putting the most important jazz concert in history out to the public in 1938. Singlehandedly being the most recognized clarinet player for this era and doing it flawlesslyRead More SING SING SING Essay examples1262 Words   |  6 Pagestheir was so much energy and pizzazz in this music. He explained to me that it was all put together by a guy named Benny, and I understood why. Benny Goodman, born Benjamin David in 1909, one of twelve children, grew up in a Chicago ghetto with his family, who fled Russian anti-Semitism. Encouraged by his father, an immigrant tailor, to learn a musical instrument, Goodman took up the clarinet at a young age. From the start, he displayed an exceptional talent. Before he was in his teensRead MoreThe Great Depression And President Roosevelt s New Deal894 Words   |  4 PagesIssue†). Benny Goodman, however, broke this barrier, initially in 1935 with the first interracial jazz performance, and again in his 1938 Carnegie Hall concert featuring black musicians. Benny Goodman’s career did not commence with the Trio’s 1935 performance; a clarinet player from a young age, Goodman initiated his professional career in 1925 as a member of the Ben Pollack Orchestra. During his time with the orchestra, he recorded his first solo on the song â€Å"He’s the Last Word.† In 1931, Benny GoodmanRead MoreThe Great Depression And President Roosevelt s New Deal895 Words   |  4 PagesIssue†). Benny Goodman, however, broke this barrier, initially in 1935 with the first interracial jazz performance, and again in his 1938 Carnegie Hall concert featuring black musicians. Benny Goodman’s career did not begin with the Trio’s 1935 performance; a clarinet player from a young age, Goodman started his professional career in 1925 as a member of the Ben Pollack Orchestra. During his time in the orchestra, he recorded his first solo on the song â€Å"He’s the Last Word.† In 1931, Benny Goodman beganRead More The Jazz Age Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagessongs quot;Orys Creole Trombonequot; and quot;Society Bluesquot; where recorded in Los Angeles in 1922. After 1923 the flood gates were open and African American Jazz became widely recorded. Early stars included other New Orleans musicians like King Oliver and Jelly Roll Morton, a Creole musician who, in the early 1920s, recorded over a hundred of his own and others Jazz tunes. Some of the records are solo piano, but many are of Jelly Roll with his band the Red Hot Peppers. These early releasesRead More Early Jazz Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the most influential ragtime musician and entertainer was Scott Joplin. Scott Joplin was born in Texarkana, Texas on November 24, 1868. Through his talent on the piano and as a composer, he is generally known as the â€Å"King of Ragtime.† After leaving his formal music education at George Smith College, Joplin moved to Sedalia, Missouri where he was employed at the Maple Leaf Club of the Red Light District. He was later discovered here by John Stark who eventually publishedRead MoreElla Fitzgerald Biography Essay1454 Words   |  6 Pagesvoice was flexible, wide-ranging, accurate and ageless. She could sing sultry ballads, sweet jazz and imitate every instrument in an orchestra. She worked with all the jazz greats, from Duke Ellington, Count Basie and Nat King Cole, to Frank Sinatra, Dizzy Gillespie and Benny Goodman. (Or rather, some might say all the jazz greats had the pleasure of working with Ella.) She performed at top venues all over the world, and packed them to the hilt. Her audiences were as diverse as her vocal range. TheyRead MoreThe Radio And Its Impact On America1403 Words   |  6 Pagesof a star that owed his fame to the radio was Benny Goodman, often called the â€Å"King of Swing† (Britannica). He played clarinet for a band and his band became popular due to a spot on the radio show Let’s Dance. On a tour they almost considered quitting because of the dislike of their new style of music, but when they performed at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles where the crowd, many fans of Let’s Dance, went crazy (Britannica). The craze of swing music began, but without the radio the music wouldRead MoreThe History of Jazz Essay635 Words   |  3 Pagespianist Jelly Roll Morton, and cornetist King Oliver. The first jazz record was made in 1917 by a New Orleans band the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, made up of white musicians who copied black styles. The New Orleans musicians discovered that audiences were eager for their music in the cities of the North and the Midwest. In the 1920s Chicago became the second major jazz center. White Chicago youths, such as tenor saxophonist Bud Freeman and clarinetist Benny Goodman, were excited by the New Orleans mastersRead MoreElectro Swing And Its Place Of Music History1833 Words   |  8 PagesELECTRO SWING AND ITS PLACE IN MUSIC HISTORY Pedro Osuna Ardoy Although many people would argue that electro swing is to be heard as EDM and not as jazz, electro swing can actually help us rethink the lines we draw between jazz and dance music because it shares the function of early jazz more than jazz as art music. What is electro swing anyway? A lot of people ask themselves this question, and nobody seems to have a closed answer. The website ‘electro-swing.com’ tries, but ultimately concludes

Case Study Mabo/Essay Federalism - 2851 Words

FEDERALISM Federalism is a form of government which unites separate political entities, within a national system whilst still retaining their independence (AUSTRALIANPOLITICS.COM, 2011). In this essay it will be discussed that the ‘Mabo Decision’ and the implementation of the Native Title Act, 1993, is an example of this and will be analysed whilst unearthing the challenges and benefits which were exhumed within this historical test case, whilst explaining the impact of the High Court Ddecision. The Australian system of government is a federal system incorporating characteristics of both the British system and that of the United States. The Australian Constitution provides for a Westminster type parliament, an upper house (Senate) and†¦show more content†¦The First Australians SBS (1989).’ Malo’s Law is a strict law of a spirit which Murray Islanders had practiced for hundreds of years. The main law below as explained by Father Dave Passi, â€Å"Tag Mauki Mauki, Teter Mauki Mauki†, which translates to: â€Å"Your hand can’t take something that does not belong to you unless you have permission. Your feet cannot walk in, or through someone else’s land, unless there is permission. Father Dave Passi, First Australians SBS (2008)†. The Queensland Supreme Court Judge, Justice Moynihan, also went for a trek into the Murray Island reserve to see first hand the native border control measures which have been in place for many years by the local people. These included certain landmarks, trees, rock formations etc. These have been recognised locally for generations. It was also pointed out that these land parcels under tribal law were passed on from Father to Son and never could be traded for currency. Edward Koiki Mabo’s mother had passed away weeks after his birth and was the adopted son of his uncle, as was the Meriam nation’s people’s cultural tradition. This was to be a major deciding factor in the decision of Mabo and Others v Queensland (No. 1, 1988), the core argument from Queensland was that Mabo was not the person he said he was. In 1990, Justice Moynihan’s report was presented to the High Court in Canberra. It found in favour of the Murray

Complexities Of Literacy Learning For Aboriginal Children - Samples

Questions: Discuss the complexities of literacy learning for Aboriginal children and methods for supporting positive literacy outcomes? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of phonics and whole language approaches to teaching reading. Justify why educators should provide a blended approach and describe? Answers: 1. The concept of literacy learning has been formulated with the aim of providing students with a better understanding of all the processes that are involved while learning reading, writing, and spelling, the origin of different difficulties, and all approaches that are taken for intervention. The national quality standards framed by the Australian government focus on importance of literacy for all aboriginal children and take efforts to make amendments to the existing teaching practices for meeting needs of such children (Australian Childrens Education Care Quality Authority, 2013). Literacy is considered as the greatest challenge for Aboriginal children because their average literacy levels are much lower than other Australian students. The government assessments provide evidence for low aboriginal literacy levels, when compared to the national average, which in turn creates adverse effects on their future opportunity (Australian Government Department of Education and Training for the Council of Australian Governments, 2009). It becomes difficult for educators to manage aboriginal students with weak literacy at secondary school levels. This results in a significant increase in number of Aboriginal school dropout, in remote locations (English: The Australian Curriculum, 2018). One major complexity encountered is the prevalence of a different spoken language, or dialect other than English in Aboriginal homes. Most children belonging to literate families spend several hours in parent-child interaction, before they begin their school years. This is commonly absent among Aboriginal children coming from families that hold strong traditions, or have little scope of parent-child reading. This makes those children less prepared for the literacy learning programs. Differences in their cultural practice are another major disadvantage. Ability levels of every student enrolled in a class also create major problems in reading, learning, and understanding a curriculum (Kli eve Fluckiger, 2015). Moreover, according to research evidences, families play an essential role in early literacy development among children. However, major disjuncture is found in the literacy experiences of children belonging to Aboriginal background, during their formal schooling years. Hence, quality teaching becomes at most important in this context. Efforts have been taken by the government to promote positive literacy outcomes among the children by formulating several programs, such as, the Budget Based Funded program that contributes to the operational costs of more than 300 child care, and early education regions across the country (Programs for Indigenous families, 2018). These government programs work towards increasing the number of qualified teaching staff, strengthening the administrative capacity of education services, and upgrading or replacing the buildings, where education is being provided. The educators and assessors also focus on raising awareness about the Aboriginal communities by acknowledging traditional owners of the reasons and local elders. This helps them to demonstrate dignity and respect towards the community, and all children are able to understand about the cultural and social heritage (Maher Bellen, 2015). Scaffolding the children and providing them sufficient support for performing high level task also enhances aboriginal literacy learning (Hill, Colbung Glover, 2011). Teaching them to read and write stories is also crucial in their development years and is the central part of their culture (Australian Government, Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations, 2013). Shared book reading is another approach that can be implemented by parents as well, where a story gets repeated until all children demonstrate a sound understanding. Praising and acknowledging all children for the little tasks they perform, addressing them by their names, and helping them recognise each word in a story or sentence or other major skills that are applied to overcome these complexities (Flckiger, Diamond Jones, 2012). In addition, phonemic awareness and teaching phonics to Aboriginal children until they are able to recognise all verbs in a sentence also improve their literacy skills (Nicholas, Gary, Tess, Georgie Jonat han, 2011). Furthermore, evidences suggest that efforts must be taken to foster parent engagement with their children in preschool in years, which in turn will enhance the literacy progress of aboriginal children (Flckiger, Diamond Jones, 2012). Therefore, literacy learning encompasses specific literacy skills, attitude and knowledge drawn by all students for meeting the demands of their educational curriculum, regardless of their cultural and ethnic backgrounds. 2. Phonics referred to the systematic teaching of sounds that are confirmed by individual letter or groups of letter. Use of phonics is an essential part of literacy skills and help children identify sounds for writing or reading words (Australian Government Department of Education and Training for the Council of Australian Governments, 2009). The importance of phonics in teaching reading and writing can be attributed to the fact that most of the information gets conveyed by letters that concerned sound. Potential advantages of phonics include the following: Provides confidence to the children while studying shapes and sounds of alphabets, which help them identify the letters on page while reading. Helps children breakdown audible words into shorter words or sounds Builds their confidence while reading unfamiliar or difficult words (Campbell, 2015) Helps children spell new words while writing (NSW Department of Education, 2018) However, there are measured disadvantages as well: All words cannot be spelt phonetically Children may get frustrated while reading non phonetic words such as, Wednesday, ocean or said The method does not focus on comprehension of words Explicit phonics instruction result in a cognitive footprint, that creates problem while reading new words (Block Duke, 2015) It may result in severe mispronunciation Whole language approach encompasses the literacy philosophy, which lays emphasis on the fact that children should always focus on strategy instruction and meaning (Vaish, 2014). It treats language as a meaning making system. Major advantages of whole language approach are given below: It offers children a better understanding of the words or sentences that are being read A creative approach gets applied to reading There are no rules or list of sounds that should be learnt (Hornsby Wilson, 2014) All children are exposed to good literature that enhances their reading experience Children observe real reading behaviour and successfully imitate them However, this approach also has certain disadvantages as follows: Children who are taught this approach without the use of phonetics find it difficult to learn spelling words Several words get misinterpreted Children fail to learn the process of sounding unknown words They often cannot comprehend basics of English language Children display limited ability in memorizing word sequences Recently several educators have resolve the conflict over phonics and whole language and have identified the fact that in spite of all differences that exist between them, both of these approaches are an effective part of teaching how to read and write. This balanced approach will help in creating a constructive view of learning and will retain the detractors (English: The Australian Curriculum, 2018). This approach will integrate systematic phonics instruction with other reading instructions that will guide oral reading, fluency, comprehension, and vocabulary development. It will act as a best practice model that will teach students to read and write during all stages of their education. Therefore, advocates of such balance programs should supplement all schools reading program with materials that are able to reflect the experiential interest, and background of all student (Topsfield, 2018). It will empower all teachers and educators to address and respond to individual literacy needs of children, while relating to developmental levels of their learning skills. This can be facilitated by helping children learn to recognise words, creating phonological awareness, developing word reading strategies, focusing on meaningful reading (fluency, comprehension and vocabulary) (Bingham Hall?Kenyon, 2013). Emphasizing on written communication, such as, spelling, handwriting, and meaningful writing are also integrated in this approach. Integrating reading aloud sessions, shared read, independent and oral reading from text can also facilitate adoption of this approach (Coyne, Pisha, Dalton, Zeph Smith, 2012). Thus, educators should therefore use a blended approach that seeks to incorporate the good principles of both the approaches, without acknowledging the potential drawbacks inherent to each method. References Australian Childrens Education Care Quality Authority. (2013).Guide to the national quality standard. Retrieved from https://files.acecqa.gov.au/files/National-Quality-Framework-Resources-Kit/NQF-Resource-03-Guide-to-NQS.pdf Australian Government Department of Education and Training for the Council of Australian Governments. (2009).Belonging, being becoming: The early years learning framework for Australia. Retrieved fromhttps://www.dss.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/05_2015/belonging_being_and_becoming_the_early_years_learning_framework_for_australia.pdf Australian Government, Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. (n.d.)Developmental milestones and the early years learning framework and the national quality standards. Retrieved fromhttps://www.acecqa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-02/DevelopmentalMilestonesEYLFandNQS.pdf English: The Australian Curriculum. (2018).Australiancurriculum.edu.au. Retrieved 22 March 2018, from https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/senior-secondary-curriculum/english/english/?unit=Unit+1unit=Unit+2unit=Unit+3unit=Unit+4 Flckiger, B., Diamond, P., Jones, W. (2012). Yarning space: Leading literacy learning through family-school partnerships.Australasian Journal Of Early Childhood,37(3), 53-59.https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=736066505352023;res=IELHSS Hill, S.,Colbung, M., Glover, A. (2011). My favourite book! Young Aboriginal children's book choices.Australasian Journal Of Early Childhood,36(1), 77-84.Retrieved from- https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/39417933/AusJECV36N1_077_1_.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3AExpires=1521738345Signature=aetHLcRx%2BWAVRF4zdINUv26Z2oY%3Dresponse-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DMy_favourite_book_Young_Aboriginal_child.pdf Klieve, H. Fluckiger, B. (2015). Towards an evidence base: Exploring the impact of community-based literacy programs in remote Indigenous communities.Australasian Journal of Early Childhood,40(2), 89-98.Retrieved from- https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=302771280390223;res=IELAPA Maher, M., Bellen, L. (2015). Smoothing Children's Transition into Formal Schooling: Addressing Complexities in an Early Literacy Initiative in Remote Aboriginal Communities, Northern Territory, Australia.Early Childhood Education Journal,43(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-013-0630-5 Nicholas, M., Gary, R., Tess, L., Georgie, N., Jonathan R., C. (2011). Defining and assessing the school readiness of Indigenous Australian children.Australasian Journal Of Early Childhood,36(1), 69-76.https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=950524743942916;res=IELHSS Programs for Indigenous families. (2018).Mychild.gov.au. Retrieved 22 March 2018, from https://www.mychild.gov.au/families-carers/indigenous Australian Government Department of Education and Training for the Council of Australian Governments. (2009).Belonging, being becoming: The early years learning framework for Australia. Retrieved fromhttps://www.dss.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/05_2015/belonging_being_and_becoming_the_early_years_learning_framework_for_australia.pdf Bingham, G. E., Hall?Kenyon, K. M. (2013). Examining teachers' beliefs about and implementation of a balanced literacy framework.Journal of Research in Reading,36(1), 14-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9817.2010.01483.x Block, M. K., Duke, N. K. (2015). Letter names can cause confusion and other things to know about letter-sound relationships.YC: Young Children, 70(1), 84-91. Retrieved from https://www.uwosh.edu/coehs/teachered/fort/documents/print-resources/letter-knowledge-article-copy-2.pdf Campbell, S. (2015) Feeling the pressure: Early childhood educators reported views about learning and teachingphonics in Australian prior-toschool settings.Australian Journal of Language and Literacy,38(1), 12-26.Retrieved from: https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=916193012905898;res=IELAPA Coyne, P., Pisha, B., Dalton, B., Zeph, L. A., Smith, N. C. (2012). Literacy by design: A universal design for learning approach for students with significant intellectual disabilities.Remedial and Special Education,33(3), 162-172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741932510381651 English: The Australian Curriculum. (2018).Australiancurriculum.edu.au. Retrieved 22 March 2018, from https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/senior-secondary-curriculum/english/english/?unit=Unit+1unit=Unit+2unit=Unit+3unit=Unit+4 Hornsby, D. Wilson, L. (2014). 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Confessions of a Host Sister free essay sample

Her name was Mona Alice. She was tall, slim, 15-years-old, and redheaded. Her interests included the flute, volleyball, and reading. She was from Hamburg, Germany. As I scanned the details on the exchange student’s profile, I instantly liked her, as I played an instrument and liked to read as well. I then turned to Mona’s personal letter, and through her writing I could see that she was a very pleasant and charming girl. Although my parents were not planning to host an exchange student anytime in the near future, I felt that I had to meet Mona; I had to be her host sister. A few weeks and a lot of discussion later, we decided to host Mona for the entire 2007-08 school year. My younger sister and I were so excited because we would get to have another sister for a year! Even though I would not meet Mona for a couple months, I was already planning on spending lots of time with her, learning about her culture while showing her mine, reminiscing about Europe (I was about to go on a six-week exchange to Poland), and becoming best friends. We will write a custom essay sample on Confessions of a Host Sister or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had even written an essay for English class about how excited I was to meet her. When Mona arrived at Newark airport at approximately 12:30 A.M. on August 17, quite energetic and friendly despite the fact that she had probably been awake for almost 24 hours, my fantasies about having another confidante still held true. However, it was clear from the events that unfolded during the year that I was a bit idealistic. I had never thought that Mona and I might not always get along. After all, I had chosen to have her live with us. I should have known this though, considering that I had already been an older sister for almost fourteen years and was used to the inevitable bickering, sharing the bathroom and fighting for attention. Now, instead of having one younger sibling with whom to vie for space, I had two. Also, I was a junior in high school, and had more schoolwork than I had expected. I was very stressed. It was an obvious recipe for tension. The one thing that caused the most strife between Mona and I was the amount of attention people seemed to give her, and the dearth of attention I thought they gave me. As a quiet person, I had enough trouble trying to get others’ attention and feel included. While today I am happy that so many people were not only friendly to Mona but also genuinely interested in her culture, at the time I felt both jealous and jilted that random strangers, relatives, and friends would ignore me in favor of having an engaging conversation with â€Å"The German Girl.† For example, at an ice cream shop, a woman asked Mona about the activities occurring at the high school, but ignored my sister and me until Mona introduced us. I did not directly take my frustration out on Mona, but I was angry with her for being able to charm people instantly, while this was extremely difficult for me. Often, being around her made me feel like I was a supporting actor or even an extra in a movie starring Mona. It felt like I had lost my identity. I wanted people to notice me when I spoke, to think of me as â€Å"Devon,† instead of â€Å"Mona’s host sister.† Although I was often frustrated with Mona, we definitely did get along at times. Mona was always curious about how my day was, and was concerned when I was upset. When one of my friends had hurt my feelings, she made sure I was okay. When my crush had given me a ride home from an academic team event, she wanted to know all the details. Mona became one of my confidantes. I could tell her secrets or opinions that I had trouble expressing to others. We even planned to drive to the beach once I had my license. I realize that, at times, we were quite close. In some ways, we were like sisters. However, I did not admit to myself that Mona was not purposely trying to steal attention from me until it was almost time for her to return to Germany. It was then that I realized that I should have been proud that I was hosting such an amiable girl. While I did learn a lot about Mona’s culture when we were at home, I wish I had listened when she shared it with other people, instead of letti ng my anger silently stew. Mona is a very kind, funny, and genuine person who I am glad that I got to know over the past school year. She did not become homesick; she truly wanted to immerse herself in our culture. I love her adorably off-key rendition of â€Å"Bleeding Love.† I miss the fact that she was only a few steps away if I wanted to talk to her. Now, there is an ocean between us. That being said, one of my biggest regrets is not recognizing this sooner. Thus far, hosting Mona was probably one of the best learning experiences I have had. Of course, hosting an exchange student exposed me to a different culture; however, the most important thing I learned was how to improve myself. I had to adapt to sharing the house (more so the bathroom than anything else) with an extra person, which will definitely help me adapt to life in a residence hall at a college. Also, I realized that I could not gain a new best friend by simply choosing to have her live with me. Developing strong friendships can take months or years of work; we cannot develop them overnight or out of convenience. My true friends are people whose genuine interest and care in me never wavers, people who always identify me as my own person, and I am more grateful for them than ever before. Finally, I learned a huge lesson about myself. If I want people to notice me, I have to make an effort to be outgoing. I also have tell myself that there will be some instances where I may f eel ignored or boring, but I have to get past them and not let them shake my confidence. I am very grateful that Mona and I ended up getting along by the end of her visit to the United States. The last week of her stay was the probably the most bittersweet. My family packed a lot of activities into that week; we went to a water park, had a going away party for Mona, and took her to see Sex and the City the night before her very early flight. I had not gotten my driver’s license before she left, but I did have my permit. Mona wanted to go with me when I practiced driving, so I drove her around our town during one of my father’s driving lessons. We may not have made it to the beach, but Mona was still happy that I was able to drive her somewhere. Leaving Mona at the airport was one of the saddest things I have ever had to do. The first few weeks after she left were surreal. It was weird not having the house filled with her chatter. Everyone in my family instantly became sad when we heard â€Å"Bleeding Love† on the radio, but no Mona singing along. Lu ckily, thanks to modern technology, I have been able to communicate with Mona via Facebook. She may visit the United States next fall, and I hope I will be able to visit her home when I study abroad in college. The next time I see Mona, I know we will be as close as we were by the end of her stay. We will greet each other, happy, reunited, as sisters.